Figure 3 shows that states without laws prohibiting the possession and consumption of alcoholic beverages in a motor vehicle have higher proportions of alcohol-involved fatal crashes than states with either partially-conforming or fully-conforming laws. The differences illustrated in the figure amount to ten percent more alcohol-involved fatal crashes in states without Open Container laws, compared to states with either partially or fully-conforming laws. The differences between the No Law states and the other states, combined, are statistically significant (z test at 0.05). The figure also shows that states that became fully-conforming in response to the TEA-21 Restoration Act (i.e., between July 22, 1998 and October 1, 2000) experienced alcohol involvement rates in fatal crashes in 1999 that were comparable to the states that had fully-conforming laws in effect prior to July 22, 1998. The results of the analysis illustrated in Figure 3 are consistent with the expectation that conformity to the Federal requirements has an effect on the incidence of alcohol-involved crashes.